April | 2015 | lubnafairuz

Diet and Weight Loss

What Do You Want to Know About Diet and Weight Loss?

In America, bigger is better. Pool table-sized flat-screen TVs show reality programs with larger-than-life personalities living in McMansions, and we watch while mindlessly eating our super-sized meals and diving into a gallon of cookie dough ice cream. According to the Centers for Disease Control and PreventionCDC), nearly 70 percent of U.S. adults are either overweight or obese.

When it comes to weight, bigger is decidedly not better.

The Obesity “Epidemic”

As our waistlines grow larger, so too does our diet and weight loss industry. The Internet, TV, and magazines bombard us with ads for weight loss supplements, diet plans, and surgeries. Store shelves burst with all things fat free, low carb, and reduced calorie. At any given time, it seems, the majority of Americans are trying to lose weight, trying to maintain weight loss, or at least thinking about a diet or weight loss plan. According to the American Heart Association, 154.7 million Americans are overweight or obese.

The Solution

The truth is that there’s no magic pill, diet, or exercise that will take off the weight. What matters is calories in and calories out. You will lose weight if you reduce your intake of calories below what calories you expend during the day through activity. You can do it via smart dietary changes and portion control.

Exercise is one way to increase calorie expenditure and is also an important component in the overall path to weight loss. In the process, you’ll find your health will improve. Problems like joint pain and depression may even disappear. Everyday activities like playing with your kids, taking the stairs at work, or simply walking around the block will become easier and far more enjoyable.

Weight loss comes through a determined effort of portion control versus activity. No fad diet or supplement can take the place of a sound and balanced weight loss plan. While these methods may provide quick results, they come with side effects and often unsustainable weight loss.

Healthy weight loss is sustainable weight loss. According to the Mayo Clinic, losing 1 to 2 pounds each week is the right pace for dieters to strive for. This involves lifestyle changes like:

eating less fast food
reducing portion sizes
exercising several times a week
eating plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables
including whole grains for fiber intake
staying hydrated with water and reducing or eliminating consumption of soft drinks and alcoholic beverages

Through reasonable goal setting and a steady, focused pursuit toward health, we can begin to slow or even stop the climbing rates of obesity in this country. But this begins with individuals making meaningful changes in their own lives.

Summary Of the Topic

Dieting is the practice of eating food in a regulated and supervised fashion to decrease, maintain, or increase body weight. Dieting is often used in combination with physical exercise to lose weight, commonly in those who are overweight or obese. Some people, however, follow a diet to gain weight (usually in the form of muscle). Diets can also be used to maintain a stable body weight.

Weight loss, in the context of medicine, health, or physical fitness refers to a reduction of the total body mass, due to a mean loss of fluid, body fat or adipose tissue and/or lean mass, namely bone mineral deposits, muscle, tendon, and other connective tissue. Weight loss can either occur unintentionally due to an underlying disease or arise from a conscious effort to improve an actual or perceived overweight or obese state. “Unexplained” weight loss that is not caused by reduction in calorific intake or exercise is called cachexia and may be a symptom of a serious medical condition. Intentional weight loss is commonly referred to as slimming.

Being overweight or obese has dangerous, and often deadly, consequences. These include high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, joint pain, cancer, heart disease, and reduced life expectancy. And it’s not just adults. According to the CDC, nearly 20 percent of American children are obese, and the numbers are worse in African-American and Hispanic communities. At any given time, it seems, the majority of Americans are trying to lose weight, trying to maintain weight loss, or at least thinking about a diet or weight loss plan. According to the American Heart Association, 154.7 million Americans are overweight or obese.

Diabetes is a problem with your body that causes blood glucose (sugar) levels to rise higher than normal. This is also called hyperglycemia. Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes. If you have type 2 diabetes your body does not use insulin properly. This is called insulin resistance. At first, your pancreas makes extra insulin to make up for it. But, over time it isn’t able to keep up and can’t make enough insulin to keep your blood glucose at normal levels.

Healthy weight loss is sustainable weight loss. According to the Mayo Clinic, losing 1 to 2 pounds each week is the right pace for dieters to strive for. This involves lifestyle changes like:

eating less fast food
reducing portion sizes
exercising several times a week
eating plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables
including whole grains for fiber intake
staying hydrated with water and reducing or eliminating consumption of soft drinks and alcoholic beverages

Grammar

Correlative Conjuction

Work in pairs to join words and groups of words of equal weight in a sentence. There are many different pairs of correlative conjunctions:

..or
not only…but (also)
..nor
..and
..or
just as…so
..the
..as
as much…as
no sooner…than
..than

Example From the Topic : “adults are either overweight or obese”

Another Example :

You eitherdo your work or prepare for a trip to the office. (Either do, or repair)
He is not onlyhandsome, but also (Not only A, but also B)
Not onlyis he handsome, but also he is brilliant. (Not only is he A, but also he is B.)
Neitherthe basketball team nor the football team is doing well.
Boththe cross country team and the swimming team are doing well.
You must decide whetheryou stay or you go. (It’s up to you)
Whetheryou stay or you go, the film must start at 8 pm. (It’s not up to you)
Just asmany Americans love basketball, so many Canadians love ice hockey.
Themore you practice dribbling, the better you will get at it.
Football is asfast as hockey (is (fast)).
Football is as muchan addiction as a sport.
No soonerdid she learn to ski, than the snow began to thaw.
I would ratherswim than

Modals

Modal verbs are special verbs which behave very differently from normal verbs. Here are some important differences:

Modal verbs do not take “-s” in the third person.

Examples:

He can speak Chinese.
She should be here by 9:00.

You use “not” to make modal verbs negative, even in Simple Present and Simple Past.

Examples:

He should not be late.
They might not come to the party.

Many modal verbs cannot be used in the past tenses or the future tenses.

Examples:

He will can go with us.Not Correct
She musted study very hard.Not Correct

Common Modal Verbs

Can
Could
May
Might
Must

Ought to
Shall
Should
Will
Would

Example from the Topic : You will lose weight if you reduce your intake of calories below what calories you expend during the day through activity.

You can do it via smart dietary changes and portion control.

Problems like joint pain and depression may even disappear

Preposition

Prepositions are short words (on, in, to) that usually stand in front of nouns (sometimes also in front of gerund verbs).

Even advanced learners of English find prepositions difficult, as a 1:1 translation is usually not possible. One preposition in your native language might have several translations depending on the situation.

There are hardly any rules as to when to use which preposition. The only way to learn prepositions is looking them up in a dictionary, reading a lot in English (literatur) and learning useful phrases off by heart (study tips).

The following table contains rules for some of the most frequently used prepositions in English:

Prepositions – Time

English	Usage	Example
· on	§ days of the week	§ on Monday
· in	§ months / seasons § time of day § year § after a certain period of time (when?)	§ in August / in winter § in the morning § in 2006 § in an hour
· at	§ for night § for weekend § a certain point of time (when?)	§ at night § at the weekend § at half past nine
· since	§ from a certain point of time (past till now)	§ since 1980
· for	§ over a certain period of time (past till now)	§ for 2 years
· ago	§ a certain time in the past	§ 2 years ago
· before	§ earlier than a certain point of time	§ before 2004
· to	§ telling the time	§ ten to six (5:50)
· past	§ telling the time	§ ten past six (6:10)
· to / till / until	§ marking the beginning and end of a period of time	§ from Monday to/till Friday
· till / until	§ in the sense of how long something is going to last	§ He is on holiday until Friday.
· by	§ in the sense of at the latest § up to a certain time	§ I will be back by 6 o’clock. § By 11 o’clock, I had read five pages.

Prepositions – Place (Position and Direction)

English	Usage	Example
· in	§ room, building, street, town, country § book, paper etc. § car, taxi § picture, world	§ in the kitchen, in London § in the book § in the car, in a taxi § in the picture, in the world
· at	§ meaning next to, by an object § for table § for events § place where you are to do something typical (watch a film, study, work)	§ at the door, at the station § at the table § at a concert, at the party § at the cinema, at school, at work
· on	§ attached § for a place with a river § being on a surface § for a certain side (left, right) § for a floor in a house § for public transport § for television, radio	§ the picture on the wall § London lies on the Thames. § on the table § on the left § on the first floor § on the bus, on a plane § on TV, on the radio
· by, next to, beside	§ left or right of somebody or something	§ Jane is standing by / next to / beside the car.
· under	§ on the ground, lower than (or covered by) something else	§ the bag is under the table
· below	§ lower than something else but above ground	§ the fish are below the surface
· over	§ covered by something else § meaning more than § getting to the other side (also across) § overcoming an obstacle	§ put a jacket over your shirt § over 16 years of age § walk over the bridge § climb over the wall
· above	§ higher than something else, but not directly over it	§ a path above the lake
· across	§ getting to the other side (also over) § getting to the other side	§ walk across the bridge § swim across the lake
· through	§ something with limits on top, bottom and the sides	§ drive through the tunnel
· to	§ movement to person or building § movement to a place or country § for bed	§ go to the cinema § go to London / Ireland § go to bed
· into	§ enter a room / a building	§ go into the kitchen / the house
· towards	§ movement in the direction of something (but not directly to it)	§ go 5 steps towards the house
· onto	§ movement to the top of something	§ jump onto the table
· from	§ in the sense of where from	§ a flower from the garden

Other important Prepositions

English	Usage	Example
· from	§ who gave it	§ a present from Jane
· of	§ who/what does it belong to § what does it show	§ a page of the book § the picture of a palace
· by	§ who made it	§ a book by Mark Twain
· on	§ walking or riding on horseback § entering a public transport vehicle	§ on foot, on horseback § get on the bus
· in	§ entering a car / Taxi	§ get in the car
· off	§ leaving a public transport vehicle	§ get off the train
· out of	§ leaving a car / Taxi	§ get out of the taxi
· by	§ rise or fall of something § travelling (other than walking or horseriding)	§ prices have risen by 10 percent § by car, by bus
· at	§ for age	§ she learned Russian at 45
· about	§ for topics, meaning what about	§ we were talking about you

Multiple Choice

whales, dolphins, and walruses are ….. fish ….. mammals

A. Not ….. But

B. Not only ….. But also

C. Either ….. Or

D. Neither ….. Nor

Answer : A

Lia and I discussed ….. to attend the meeting ….. have a representative attend in our place

A. Between ….. or

B. Whether ….. Or

C. The ….. the

D. As much ….. as

Answer : B

….. had hotel hpusekeeper left ….. the guests entered the room

A. Hardly ….. Than

B. Just as ….. So

C. No sooner ….. Than

D. As ….. As

Answer : C

The more you smile, ….. you will get positive reactions from others

A. Both ….. And

B. Rather ….. Than

C. The less

D. The more

Answer : D

Neither the woman ….. her daughter has posititive attitude

A. Or

B. Nor

C. But

D. Also

Answer : B

My best friend lives ….. Boretz Road

A. In

B. On

C. At

D. From

Answer : B

I’ll be ready to leave ….. about twenty minutes

A. In

B. On

C. At

D. To

Answer : A

Since he met his new girlfriend, Juan never seems to be ….. home

A. On

B. In

C. To

D. At

Answer : D

9. What about the topic “diet and weight loss” ?

A. Economic

B. Business

C. Health

D. Technology

Answer : C

10. How many percent of childrens have overweight in America?

A. 10 %

B. 20 %

C. 30 %

D. 50 %

Answer : B

A Parent’s Heart
Ann T. Tran

When you feel like breaking down or crashing in,
Who do you turn to, to forgive your sin?
When you cried your lonely tears,
Who will be there to fight your fears?
And when it feels like no one would understand,
Who was there to hold your hand?

There are people whom you can’t replace,
They’re the ones who gave you your face.
They’ll love you through thick and thin,
They show you the light from deep within.
And if by chance, you happen to die,
They’ll be the ones who will really cry.

You see, my friend, there’s no one who can love you more,
Then your very own parents, that’s for sure.
Always remember that this is true,
That wherever you go, your parents will be there for you.

Means :
It’s about the unconditionally love, a very true love in life, love of a parent.. no one will love you and understand you like your parents do, not even your best friends.. parents feel what you feel, they will be the first to feel when your hurted. They hold your head up high when you feel down, they respect you most when you feel disrespected. Parents will always give a wide open hands to hug you even when so many times you’ve let them down.

Grammar :
1. Present Continuos Tense
The Present Continuous is mainly used to express the idea that something is happening at the moment of speaking. The Present Continuous also describes activities generally in progress (not at the moment). Another use of the tense is to talk about temporary actions or future plans.
Used :
1. Present actions
2. Temporary actions
3. Longer actions in progress
4. Future (personal) arrangements and plans
5. Tendencies and trends
6. Irritation

Formula : (+) S + To Be + Verb+ing + O
(-) S + To Be + Not + Verb+ing + O
(?) To Be + S + Verb+ing + O

Example from poem “When you feel like breaking down or crashing in”

Example :
1. You are watching TV.
2. Are you watching TV?
3. You are not watching TV.

2. Simple Future Tense
Simple future has two different forms in English : “Will” and “be going to”. Although the two forms can sometimes be used interchangeably, they often express two very different meanings. These different meanings might seem too abstract at first, but with time and practice, the differences will become clear. Both “will” and “be going to” refer to a specific time in future.
Example from poem “Who will be there to fight your fears?”
Example :
1. You are going to meet Jane tonight
2. I will send you the information when I get it

3. Simple Present Tense
The simple present expresses an action in the present taking place once, never or several times. It is also used for actions that take place one after another and for actions that are set by a timetable or schedule. The simple present also expresses facts in the present.
Formula : (+) S + V1 + O
(-) S + Do/Does + Not + V1 + O
S + To be + V1 + O ( Kalimat Nomina )

Example form poem “Who do you turn to, to forgive your sin?”
Example :
1. The train leaves every morning at 8 AM
2. Does the sun circle the earth?

4. Adjective Clause
An adjective clause- also called an adjectival or relative clause-will meet three requirements :
• First, it will contain a subject and verb
• Next, it will begin with a relative pronoun (who, whom, whose, that, or which) or a relative adverb (when, where, or why)
• Finally, it will function as an adjective, answering the questions what kind? How many? Or which one?

Example from poem “There are people whom you can’t replace”

Example :
1. The woman whom we gave some money was very happy’
2. The boy whom I will see is my nephew
3. The man whose car was lost is very sad
4. The book which you read yesterday is very thick
5. The man who is wearing a blue jacket is my uncle

5. Modal
Modal Auxiliary adalah sekelompok kata bantu yang merupakan bagian dari auxiliary yang memberikan tambahan arti pada suatu kalimat.
Example from poem : 1. Who will be there to fight your fears?
2. And when it feels like no one would understand

Multiple Choice :
1. I’d like to teach the children ….. were with us last weekend about forgiveness
A. Which
B. Who
C. Whom
D. Whose
2. Someone sent her a letter, ….. made her smile all day long
A. Which
B. That
C. Whom
D. Who
3. Today is the day ….. most people in Indonesia get the day off
A. That
B. Whose
C. When
D. Which
4. The university ….. I earned my bachelor’s degree has built a new business school building
A. Whose
B. Where
C. Which
D. That
5. The Movie ….. they watched was very interesting
A. That
B. Whom
C. Whose
D. Which
6. The student, ….. IQ is higher that Albert Einstein, loves to learn foreign languases
A. Who
B. Whose
C. Where
D. Who
7. Your glass is empty ….. I get you some fresh water?
A. Shall
B. Will
C. Shall have
D. Should
8. We ….. like visit that new store someday
A. Shall
B. Will
C. Can
D. Would
9. You are sick, but you don’t come hospital to see a doctor. You ….. visit him soon
A. Would
B. Could
C. Should
D. Will
10. Rini is old enough. She ….. know better than the others about it.
A. Will
B. Could
C. Maybe
D. Must
11. “I could have somebody else to carry the heavy bags” it means :
A. I carried the heavy bags
B. Somebody else carried the heavy bags for me
C. I asked someone carry the heavy bags
D. I would carry the heavy bags my self

12. Your son will be operated on tomorrow morning. He ….. have a good rest tonight the doctor said.
A. Might
B. May
C. Can
D. Must
13. Does your child …. To eat all the time?
A. Want
B. Wanted
C. Was
D. Wants
14. I do ….. the funeral
A. Attended
B. Attend
C. Attends
D. Attending
15. The black and white cat ….. a long tail
A. Have
B. Have been
C. Has
D. Were
16. suzy and I ….. tall and skinny
A. was
B. were
C. Is
D. Are
17. I ….. running on Sunday morning
A. Love
B. Is
C. Am
D. Are
18. my friend ….. for human resources jobs in Jakarta
A. Looks
B. Looked
C. Is looking
D. Look
19. The sun ….. brightly today
A. Is shining
B. Shines
C. Shin
D. Shined
20. We are not ….. a trip to Thailand during rainy season
A. Plan
B. Planning
C. Planed
D. Planes
21. After normalization, the reservoir ….. to store 200,000 cubic metres of water
A. Will be able
B. Is going to be able
C. Is going to
D. Will
22. ….. buy the extra virgin olive oil next week
A. I will
B. I was
C. I were
D. I’m going to

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Monthly Archives: April 2015

Certificate

Diet and Weight Loss

Common Modal Verbs

Prepositions – Time

Prepositions – Place (Position and Direction)

Other important Prepositions

A Parent’s Heart